The long-term effects of narcissistic abuse can be significant and may include:

1. Anxiety and depression: Narcissistic abuse can cause significant psychological trauma, leading to symptoms of anxiety and depression.
2. Complex PTSD: People who have experienced narcissistic abuse may develop complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can include symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and hypervigilance.
3. Low self-esteem: Narcissistic abuse can cause victims to question their own worth and value, leading to feelings of low self-esteem and self-doubt.
4. Trust issues: Victims of narcissistic abuse may struggle to trust others, and may be hypervigilant for signs of manipulation or control.
5. Relationship problems: People who have experienced narcissistic abuse may struggle to form healthy relationships, and may be attracted to abusive or controlling partners.
6. Health problems: Chronic stress from narcissistic abuse can lead to a range of physical health problems, including heart disease, digestive problems, and chronic pain.

Sources:

• McBride, K. (2018). Will I Ever Be Good Enough?: Healing the Daughters of Narcissistic Mothers. Atria Books.
• Stokoe, R., & Nicholas, H. (2018). Narcissistic abuse: A critical review of the literature and suggested future directions. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 91(4), 462-479.
• Aguirre, B. A., & Galen, G. (2018). Complex PTSD in victims exposed to narcissistic abuse. Journal of Counseling and Development, 96(3), 298-309.